ajwain (HYOSCYAMUN)

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FAMILY : SOLAMACEAE 

The trade name is based  on  the scientific name .

Description :  An annual or biennial bad- smelling herb, densely coverd with glandular hair: stem  up  to 1 m high. lower basal leaves 15-20 cm , margins toothed. upper leaves smaller and divided into many segments.flowers 2-3 cm diameter, pale green , streaked with urple , some borne solitary at the place of branching of stems, others in long, terminal spikes, fruits 1.3cm diametr, globose.


 Distribution: the plant occurs in the westen himalayas from kashmir  to garhwal at altitudes of about 1,500 m to 3,000 m, commonly in waste places near  habitation.s it has been cultivated in several  region of  india , such  as kashmir, punjab, uttar prasesh , maharashtra and nilgiri hills.

Drug and its properties:  the dried leaves and flowering tops collected soon after  flowering  of the plat constitute the drug.

the drug has  similar properties as BELLADONNA . it  is useful for relieving certain painful spasmadic conditions of  muscles, and in hysteria, cough etc. it also dilates the pupil of the eye. 

seeds of the plant  also have medicinal properties, they are usually  pasted and  applied locally on pains. 

It can be grown  in the himalayan region in kashmir, , punjab , himachal pradesh and uttar pradesh.

other uses : hyoscyamus muticus l. 9egypation henbane0 is being cultived  in kashmir, etc. the  alkaloid content of this plant  is more than  indian henbane: it also has ore intense narcotic propert . the leaves of Egyption henbane are smoked for intoxication.

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